Energy and materials
Generating, storing, and converting energy demands both physical understanding and workable devices.
33 problemsSelected problems that share a subject or a research tradition. Each leads to its own overview and sources.
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Generating, storing, and converting energy demands both physical understanding and workable devices.
33 problemsLong-lived implants, movement with sensory feedback, and speech communication through brain signals.
3 problemsHarvesting freshwater, preserving salt barriers, destroying persistent chemicals, and sorting layered plastics.
4 problemsSeawater-fed systems, low-iridium catalysts and polymer-bound electrodes face different durability tests.
3 problemsLasers, clocks, analog circuits and devices for moving quantum information through optical networks.
7 problemsMoving, storing and controlling heat, from cooling drives to hypersonic heat shields.
5 problemsThe capacity and reliability of communication through noise, deletions and networks.
5 problemsMeasuring molecules, preserving organs and building devices that restore or track bodily function.
12 problemsPropellant, plasma devices and heat shields for sustained spaceflight.
4 problems